The process that creates the ULSD destroys the lubricating properties of Diesel Fuel and they discovered this in preliminary fleet testing by screwing up newer style injector pumps. They add a lubricant to the fuel when it is blended to help correct this problem. This would verify in my mind that the fact is that ULSD is damaging to older style rotary injector pumps.
As to adding oil to your fuel, the formulations for different oils are made that way for specific reasons. I have tried regular oil, different types of 2 stroke oil and have not tried ATF and will explain why as I go along. In my trial and error, plus research based method I have attempted to find what I see as the best performing additive, cost factored in, and also in terms of how smooth and quiet the engine seems in terms of the injector pump racket. I realize some of this is subjective on my part, but I will point out that this entire discussion is somewhat subjective. You take from this what you want.
2 stroke oils come in two basic varieties. Non-marine, and marine. In reading about why there are two types of this kind of oil I also found out that the properties of these oils vary greatly. First is the nature of the use. A 2 stroke engine used in a typical leaf blower or chain saw is an on again, off again engine in terms of duty cycle and load. Temperatures in the combusition chambers vary with this load and the clearances in an aircooled engine are greater than in a non air cooled engine. Contrast this with the marine environment. A marine 2 stroke engine will be brought up to rpm and potentially run at that rpm for hours. Constant demand on power output as well as very consistent temperatures in a range much closer to that of a deuce engine.
The are large differences in the amount of ash deposits being left by each type with the more highly refined marine oil, especially the type that meets the most recent spec TCW3 as being the cleanest burning type of fuel additive in terms of 2 stroke oil. The increased stability and design for higher continuous operating temperatures is another of the primary resons why the 2 stroke marine oil is a preferred additive for the diesel.
I do not use atf and it is because modern atf has friction ENHANCERS which would tell me that as a fuel lube it is actually adding to one of the problems I am trying to deal with: excess friction in my injector pump. Additionally, ATF is thicker and is not designed to blend evenly with fuel.
I have tried using new motor oil as an additive and found that I could not replicate the results I was getting with 2 stroke oil at the same additve amounts. I doubled my addition of oil and still had not achieved the same effect. With the cost of Marine 2 stroke oil being as cheap as it is and also that it comes in incremented gallon jugs makes using the 2 stroke oil easier.
Lastly, I use about a quart to every 20-25 gallons or about 2 quarts to the tank full. At this rate of mix I hear literally nothing other than the engine diesel sound and none of the injector pump clatter that is present without the additive.
I was slow to come to this party as far as believing that one needs to add lubricant to the fuel and initially tried it, stopped and came back to adding oil, 2 stroke marine to be precise, to my fuel. My truck has run 6K miles in the last 20 months and since I started feeding the steady diet of 2 stroke marine oil, has run strong, and reliably.
I also add Power Service white bottle to my fuel to act as a conditioner and cetane improver.
I suggest that anyone who is concerned about the lack of lubricity in the modern diesel fuel do some web searching about the development of the ULSD fuel and the problems that were encountered and everything I have mentioned including the report from the Diesel Place will show up prominently in the results.
RL