If this were my truck I'd probably go through the following steps.
Turn on the master switch, get out of the truck and put my hand on the fuel tank to see if I can feel the slight vibration the in tank pump causes (the low air buzzer would keep me from hearing it run).
If its not, check the fuse under the cover on top of the fuel tank AFTER turning the master off.
If in tank pump is running, I'd open the bleeder screws on top of the fuel filters and see if I get a good spray of fuel.
We'll come back to this part in a bit.....
But if I did, I'd then remove the cutoff cover on the side of the injection pump (four screws) and taking care not to lose or damage the gasket make sure that the cut off lever inside moves VERY freely. If not, there are more steps, but read the TM or ask more advice before cutting the safety wire.
Back to the fuel, if you have fuel flow at the bleeder screws.....
I'd also be suspect that the primary fuel filter (located on the passenger's side frame rail beneath the alternator) is plugging. The in tank pump could charging the system and make fuel squirt from the bleeder, and fill the filters as if a reservoir. The running engine however is drawing fuel from the filter bodies, if the elements are clogged the in tank pump can't push the fuel through as fast as the engine sucks it out. The result is an engine shut down, until the filters refill - and the secondaries won't refill without the master on.
Not knowing the current climate where you fellows are - is there a possibility that the fuel is jelling?
Going beyond this and looking for needles in haystacks....andother problem I've run into is inside the tank.
The fuel pump itself is at the bottom of the fuel pump assembly. A rubber hose connects the pump to the outlet you see at the top of the tank. I had a truck that developed a hole in the top of that hose. If the fuel level was above that hole, the mechanical fuel pump in the IP could draw fuel and the truck run. If the fuel level got below that hole, either through usage or parking on a slope, no fuel would leave the tank.
Hope this helps,
David Doyle