There are two different issues going on here. One is the pegged air pressure. I will assume that the relief you heard was the safety valve popping at its 150 psi relief. Why is the compressor going that high? It is most likely the Pressure protection valve (PPV) freezing (TX maybe not) or gunked up. If the air pressure goes above 130 and climbing to 150 right then, check the horn and wipers. IF they are inop the PPV is stuck. This valve prevents any air from going anywhere besides the primary brake system air. It also prevents the governor from getting a cut out signal, but it does not mean the governor is bad. Tons of threads on this, a quick search will locate them quite easily.
Now the second thing, not getting above 80 psi is completely different. Is the small plastic circle on the bottom of the air dryer where the air is coming from? That is the expelo (spitter) valve and is cleanable and serviceable. Lots of threads discussing it, search a little and it will be easy. I've done it several times.
The governor is not the culprit until after you have thoroughly explored these other issues first.
One more thing, you said you are new to these trucks and don't know much about them. Please do your self a favor and get into the tech manuals, ESPECIALLY the operators for a lot of basic knowledge. Then you can work into the lower and higher level maintenance manuals which include VERY thorough troubleshooting plans for virtually every imaginable circumstance. They are cumbersome, unruly, difficult and OH-MY-GOD boring but they are full of great information. And remember when in them electronically, Control-F is your friend.
Good luck, most of this is pretty simple if you don't let it over whelm you.