Tire Aging
Dear Tire Doctor,
Can storing a vehicle on concrete effect the tires? Should I put barriers like plastic or other non-porous material under the tires? How about the effects of continuous storage for several days at a time with use between storage periods?
Thanks for your help on this subject.
Best Regards, Len
Dear Len,
Thank you for contacting Bridgestone and allowing us to assist you.
First of all, regarding the effects of storage:
A cool, dry, sealed garage is your best condition for storage, however, it is realized that this is not often an available option. Concrete is not the tire enemy some people think it is.
We would recommend the following steps in storing a vehicle:
1. Make sure the floor / ground surface is free of any petroleum product contamination (Oil, grease, fuel, etc.) since petroleum products will attack rubber and can cause significant damage to compound characteristics.
2. Thoroughly clean your tires with soap and water.
3. Place a barrier such as plastic, cardboard, or plywood between the tires and the ground surface.
4. Cover your tires to block out direct sunlight and ultra violet rays.
5. Do not store the vehicle in close proximity to steam pipes, electrical generators or animal manure since these accelerate oxidation of the rubber.
6. Make sure your tires are fully inflated with air.
7. When the vehicle is ready to go back into service, inspect the tires for excessive cracking in both the sidewall and tread area and check all tire air pressures. Tires will normally lose about 2 PSI per month so you should expect to find the pressures lower than when you put the vehicle into storage. Re-inflate the tires to the correct air pressure before operation.
Now, about the effects of time:
Yes, rubber compound does slowly change over time, becoming "harder" as it ages. But unless we are talking years, this would be virtually undetectable. However; the most likely effect of storage will be:
1. Flat spotting of the tires from taking a 'set' while sitting in one position for an extended length of time. This 'set' may work itself out of the tires after being put back into operation, but not always. This, of course, would result in a vibration.
2. Tires have waxes and oils specially formulated to protect against ozone damage built into their rubber compounds. When the tire rotates and flexes, these waxes and oils are forced to the tire's surface and are thus able to protect the tire. When a tire is stationary, these waxes and oils are not coming to the surface and thus the tire is at greater risk of ozone damage.
3. Several days of non-use at a time is not nearly as detrimental to tires as long storage periods. The tires would still be operated often enough to avoid excessive 'set' and the waxes and oils are being forced to the tire's surface often enough to provide adequate protection against ozone.
Best regards, Tire Doctor
Bridgestone Commercial Truck Tires
Dear Tire Doctor,
How long can a tire be stored?
Sincerely, Miguel
Dear Migeul,
Thank you for the opportunity to be of assistance. You ask a question that is very difficult to answer in absolute terms.
Generally speaking, there is no set "storage life" for a tire. The acceptable length of storage will vary according to a number of conditions.
Is the tire mounted on a vehicle?
If mounted, is the tire supporting the vehicle's weight, or is the vehicle jacked up off the ground?
Is the vehicle stored indoors or outdoors?
If stored outdoors, are the tires covered to prevent exposure to the sun?
Are the tires stored close to steam pipes or electric motors?
Does the tire see any use at all - even short trips - during the storage period, or is it left sitting in the same position for the entire time?
As you can see, there are too many variables to state a maximum storage life for a tire.
If it is any help, Bridgestone's warranty expires (6) years after the date of manufacture.
If you have tires you need to store, we recommend the following suggestions:
1. Store mounted on the wheels
2. Remove the vehicle's weight from the tires (put vehicle on jack stands)
3. If at all possible, store indoors, away from electric motors and steam pipes
4. If possible, periodically drive the vehicle a few miles to allow the tires to flex, this allows the tires to force to the surface the ingredients included in the rubber compounds that inhibit oxidation.
5. If you have to store the vehicle outdoors, cover the tires so they are not exposed to sunlight.
6. Before operating after storage be sure to check the air pressure.
7. You may wish to consider nitrogen inflation - nitrogen does not seep through the tire as quickly as air, plus it prevents moisture and oxygen (which cause oxidation) from seeping through the tires.
8. After a long storage period, have your tires inspected by a qualified tire technician.
We hope this has been of some use in answering your question.
Best regards, Tire Doctor
See also:
RUBBER OXIDATION AND TIRE AGING - A REVIEW
JOHN M. BALDWIN,* DAVID R. BAUER
EXPONENT FAILURE ANALYSIS ASSOCIATES, 39100 COUNTRY CLUB DRIVE, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48331
http://tirenitrogen.typepad.com/techinfo/Ford%20Baldwin%20TireAging%20%232.pdf